·國際·
C1

US Imposes Sweeping Sanctions on Iran as Escalating Conflict Strains Global Markets

衝突升級施壓全球市場,美國對伊朗實施全面制裁

#international-relations#sanctions#Iran#United-States#oil-prices#economy
0:00 / 0:00

Consumers and global energy markets are bearing the brunt of an escalating war with Iran, as gasoline prices in the United States top $4 a gallon and benchmark Brent crude reaches $92 a barrel. Against this volatile backdrop, Washington has unveiled what it terms an "economic D-Day" against Tehran, launching a broad financial offensive designed to cut off the Iranian regime from the international financial system.

bear the brunt of= 首當其衝承受最嚴重的衝擊或惡果

The newly announced campaign, dubbed "Operation Economic Outcast," imposes targeted sanctions across five critical sectors of Iran's economy: digital assets, technology, gold, aviation, and shipping. Alongside targeting oil revenue streams, the US Treasury Department has designated nearly 60 individuals, entities, and vessels accused of facilitating sanctions evasion and generating revenue for the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC). US Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent stated that the measures aim to present Tehran with a stark choice between total global isolation and returning to diplomatic negotiations. Furthermore, Washington warned foreign governments and financial institutions that continuing trade with Tehran could lead to secondary sanctions and economic exclusion.

present someone with a choice= 逼迫某人在特定選項之間做出抉擇

The financial measures follow months of severe disruption in global energy trade. Since conflict broke out at the end of February, Iran has effectively restricted passage through the Strait of Hormuz, a critical maritime passage through which roughly one-fifth of the world's oil and gas supply flows. Iranian authorities recently issued fresh warnings ordering commercial ships not to enter the strait without explicit authorization, threatening to halt all regional oil exports if military hostilities continue. The resulting surge in fuel costs has amplified inflation anxieties worldwide, becoming a central political issue in the US ahead of November's midterm elections.

ahead of= 在重要事件來臨之前、迎接……之際

Despite the pressure, officials in Tehran expressed defiance. Iranian Economy Minister Ali Madanizadeh stated that the government had anticipated the action and implemented a comprehensive two-year strategy to counter its economic effects. Madanizadeh emphasized that major international powers, including China and Russia, rejected unilateral US restrictions. With an estimated 90 percent of Iranian crude exports currently bound for China, market analysts at Capital Economics noted that the immediate impact of the new sanctions on physical oil flows may prove limited, given that a US naval presence had already significantly curtailed Iranian maritime exports.

學習筆記

文法整理

句型意思
bear the brunt of首當其衝承受最嚴重的衝擊或惡果
present someone with a choice逼迫某人在特定選項之間做出抉擇
ahead of在重要事件來臨之前、迎接……之際

詞彙整理

單字等級意思
evasionB2規避、逃避
amplifiedB2加劇了、放大了
sweepingC1廣泛的、全面的
volatile backdropC1動盪不安的背景形勢
stark choiceC1嚴峻而明確的抉擇
curtailedC1削減了、限制了

延伸學習

  • 「economic D-Day(經濟D日)」借用了二戰諾曼第登陸(D-Day)的歷史用語,象徵美方對伊朗發動全面且具決定性的經濟打擊攻勢。
  • 「secondary sanctions(二次制裁)」是指對與受制裁國家進行貿易的第三方外國實體或機構進行懲罰的措施,迫使全球企業在美國市場與受制裁國貿易之間作出選擇。

練習

測試你剛學到的內容。

  1. The resulting surge in fuel costs has   inflation anxieties worldwide, becoming a central political issue in the US ahead of November's midterm elections.

  2. According to the article, why might the immediate physical impact of the new sanctions on oil exports be limited?

  3. What does the expression "bear the brunt of" mean?

Source: Al Jazeera, BBC News