August was one of the hottest months ever recorded on Earth. Air temperatures around the world reached very high levels, and the oceans also became warmer than ever before.
warmer than ever before= 「比以往任何時候都更熱」，ever before 用於強調創下歷史紀錄。
Scientists say that human activity is causing these extreme temperatures. Burning fossil fuels traps heat in the atmosphere and warms the planet.
traps heat in the atmosphere= 「將熱量鎖在大氣中」，常用於描述溫室效應的機制。
A natural weather pattern called El Niño is making the heat worse. During El Niño, a part of the Pacific Ocean turns warm and releases large amounts of heat into the air.
releases large amounts of heat= 「釋放大量熱量」，amount 用於修飾不可數名詞（heat）。
This El Niño pattern is still getting stronger. Because of this, global temperatures could go even higher over the coming year.
over the coming year= 「在未來一年內 / 在接下來的一年中」，用於表示一段持續的時間。